What is the Difference Between HTML & XHTML
Hello friends! Today we are going to tell you about “HTML and XHTML.” As we all know, HTML and XHTML are markup languages used to create web pages or web applications.
But what is the difference between them? This question keeps arising in the mind of many people, which we will try to solve today.
Today we will tell you, "What is HTML and XHTML and what is the difference between them?". So let's start today's topic.
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What is HTML?
The complete form of HTML is “Hypertext Markup Language,” a standard markup language used to develop web pages and web applications.
Together with HTML, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), and JavaScript, it forms the cornerstone technologies for the World Wide Web.
A web browser retrieves an HTML document from a web server or local storage and displays it on a multimedia webpage.
- Its main purpose is to give a good shape to the webpage.
- HTML is used to describe the structure of a web pag.
HTML includes headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes, and other items in itself, as well as creating a complete webpage by creating the size of the HTML webpage, images, etc. in it.
Advantages of HTML
Some advantages of HTML are given below:
- HTML helps assemble a site's design and has additional usefulness, like Easy learning and utilization.
- Supported by all programs.
- It being explicit content, it is effortless to alter.
- Easy to coordinate with different dialects.
- Lightweight
- HTML is the premise of every programming dialect.
- The content being compressible, and it is quick to download.
Disadvantages of HTML
HTML, too, has some disadvantages, such as:
- HTML can create only plain and static pages.
- A fantastic deal of code is needed to create a basic website page.
- HTML security highlights aren't excellent.
- Challenging to compose extended code for making website pages.
- Sets aside a great deal of effort to create a website page.
- Every website page should be altered independently, not concentrated.
What is XHTML?
The complete form of XHTML is “Extensible HyperText Markup Language.” It is very much like XML, and it is also known as the markup language of the XML family.
XML is called an extended version of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).
Because it was brought after HTML, that too with some other feature by which it fulfills all the limitations which cannot be fulfilled by HTML.
XHTML, when both XML and HTML were merged, the markup language that was created was XHTML.
Many versions have come far, such as XHTML 1, XHTML 1.1, XHTML 2, and XHTML 5.
Advantages of XHTML
Here are the following advantages of XHTML, such as:
- While utilizing XHTML, the code of web applications becomes more stylish and easy to reuse.
- It can help the developer construct more advanced web projects due to compatibility with different devices, and it also helps self-created markups like SVG (scalable vector graphics).
- XHTML code can easily be converted to PDFs, RSS, and RFT, which permits the developer to work with many files.
- XHTML decreases the loading time required by the browser to load an event which can result in overall speedy development, thus reducing time and energy
- It includes closing tags, which is an advantage for beginners and makes the code look clean and easy to reuse.
Disadvantages of XHTML
XHTML also has some disadvantages, such as:
- Excessively few browsers use XHTML.
- Code is Case sensitive - you should use lowercase.
- It is required to write < DOCTYPE > declaration.
- And all the tags must be closed in the required order.
Why XHTML?
XML is a markup language where all documents must be marked up perfectly (be "well-formed").
XHTML was created to make HTML more extensible and flexible to work with other data formats (such as XML).
In addition, browsers excuse errors in HTML pages and try to display the website even if it has some errors in the markup.
So XHTML comes with a greatly stricter error handling.
Difference between HTML and XHTML
HTML and XHTML are both markup languages utilize to make web pages & applications. HTML and XHTML have little key differences that set them apart.
Here are the following major differences between HTML and XHTML:
| HTML | XHTML |
|---|---|
| Hypertext mark-up language - - > HTML | Extensible Hypertext Mark-up Language - - > XHTML. |
| Tim Berners created in 1991 | World wide web consortium or W3C created in 2000 |
| It is an extension of standard generalized markup language or SGML | It is a combination of extensible markup language XML and hypertext markup language HTML |
| It stored in a document file format | It stored as a markup language format |
| It is not case sensitive as there is no mandatory rule to write the entire mark up in uppercase or lower case. It can also be a combination of both. | It is case-sensitive, and every tag and attribute used inside must be in lowercase. |
| It is not mandatory to add document label < DOCTYPE >at the top of every page. We can even skip it. | It is mandatory to add a document label < DOCTYPE > at the beginning of the page. |
| We can close any tag anytime and anywhere as per our needs | It is mandatory to close all the tags in strict residing order as they were declared. |
| We can add attributes without any quotes. | It is mandatory to add quotes on every attribute we declare |
| ,html and .htm are the extensions used by HTML | .xhtml, .xml and .xht are the file extensions used by XHTML |
| Lewd structure is used | It contains a very strict structure, and the developer cannot go out of the bounds of these structures. |
Conclusion:
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